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The Contribution of Urban and Climatic Characteristics in Planning Urban Space in Saharan Cities: Challenges and Opportunities in Achieving Balance Between Identity and Modernity - A Case Study of Bou Saada City, Algeria
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-22) البشير فايد; محمد سفيان دغة
An examination of the architectural and urban patterns shaping our modern cities in Algeria reveals a significant departure from our architectural heritage and cultural identity. These cities have become entirely dependent on importing contemporary urban development features as a solution to their architectural and urban challenges. This manifestation is evident in urban planning and development projects that have crystallized in foreign environments, following concepts and principles entirely alien to our indigenous civilization. These approaches disregard the appropriate urban and climatic standards essential for spatial planning in each region, while simultaneously neglecting the social and economic characteristics and cultural values inherent to our society. Bou Saada stands as one of the cities significantly impacted by these changes, where its urban fabric has become distorted and lost its distinctive character and identity due to the proliferation and dissonance of urban patterns. Those who trace the city's developmental stages can discern two distinct types of urbanization. The first type is embodied in the ancient quarters known as "El-Ksar" - a repository of heritage that appears to have derived its foundations from Islamic city planning. These quarters have demonstrated remarkable adaptation to social factors, customs, and traditions. Furthermore, they show...
Séminaire International sur l’énergétique et les énergies renouvelables « SIEER-2025 » Recueil
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-22) Azeddine SOUDANI
objectif principal de cette conférence est de créer un espace de rencontre et de discussion pour les universitaires et les chercheurs travaillant sur diverses thématiques liées à l'énergétique et aux énergies renouvelables. L'événement vise à favoriser la collaboration et l'échange d'idées autour des nouvelles avancées scientifiques et des innovations technologiques dans ces domaines cruciaux
Urbanization and its effects on changing the social function of traditional architecture in the desert city
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) محمدي سارة; العيد شريفة
The phenomenon of urbanization and social changes is one of the most important social phenomena known to the societies of the world, especially the desert society, urbanization in desert cities has become a mixture between the characteristics of Bedouin life and the characteristics of urban life, while social changes have a set of important and necessary functions, which may be concentrated in achieving the satisfaction of the intellectual, cultural, urban and social needs of its members distinctive, which affects the aspects of life in it and gives it a special character associated with the method of construction of the heritage of the desert environment . This is what will be addressed through this research paper by shedding light on urbanization and social changes in the general framework that express the actions of their members, which shape their lives and give them their characteristics and nature, as well as being the influence of social awareness and national, urban and cultural heritage, and in the fate of customs, customs, traditions and rules of behavior that express the characteristics of urbanization of the social functions of traditional buildings in desert cities.
Cultural Tourism as a Strategy for Socio-Economic Inclusion and Local Development: The Case of Zab Chergui in the Ziban Micro-Region
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Soumia BOUZAHER LALOUANI
This study examines cultural tourism as a strategic approach for fostering socio-economic inclusion and sustainable local development within the oases of Zab Chergui, situated in the Ziban micro-region, currently part of the Wilaya of Biskra. The proposed framework emphasizes the development of organized tourist circuits designed to create a dynamic system of socio-economic growth. These circuits aim to stabilize local Oasian populations while simultaneously preserving the region’s architectural heritage, traditional urban cores, and local craftsmanship. The primary objective of this work is to integrate these tourist circuits into an cultural tourism framework, thereby introducing the concept of socioeconomic inclusion. This concept aligns with the principles of sustainable development and social equity, seeking to ensure that all individuals can participate in and enjoy tourism activities without encountering barriers. Achieving this objective requires improving infrastructure accessibility, raising awareness among tourism sector stakeholders, and adapting services to meet diverse visitor needs.
Application des Systèmes d’Information Géographique (SIG) pour la Conservation du Patrimoine Culturel et Naturel de la Vallée du M'Zab (Ghardaïa, Algérie)
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Farid Dalal; Benhalilou Karima; Benhalilou Karima
The M'Zab Valley, located in the Saharan region of Ghardaïa in Algeria, has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1982. Renowned for its unique architecture, harmonious social organization, and remarkable adaptation to the arid environment, this region now faces major challenges such as uncontrolled urbanization, environmental degradation, and socio-economic pressures.This research explores the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to preserve this exceptional heritage by actively involving local communities in sustainable and participatory management. The study focuses on analyzing spatial dynamics using satellite imagery (Landsat 1984–2024 and Sentinel-2) to identify and understand the threats to the region, particularly the risk of sand encroachment. Through mapping, GIS makes it possible to locate vulnerable cultural and natural sites and to produce environmental vulnerability maps.Based on these analyses, solutions and recommendations will be proposed to mitigate the negative impacts of urban expansion. These measures aim to protect fragile heritage sites while promoting balanced territorial development that respects the environment and the socio-cultural dynamics specific to the M'Zab Valley.
Modernizing the architectural vocabulary of the Saharan heritage: - A comparative study between the case of traditional and modern individual housing in the city of Sidi Okba- Abstract
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) شيماء صبري سيد الليثي; وليد مدور
In the past, the identity of the architecture of peoples was clear and reflected the characteristics of those peoples and their environmental and social advantages, but today the identity has been eroded and faded due to Western concepts, or what is called architectural modernism, where tall buildings have invaded all our cities, breaking the collars of privacy in architecture just as privacy has faded in aspects of life, but the issue raised by this intervention is that we as recipients are no longer able to select what is useful in order to achieve a balance between modern influences and inherited ones, while benefiting from all the achievements of contemporary technologies and developments and integrating them with our heritage cultural history, in order to create our own architectural identity, by integrating the environmental elements used with the ancient desert heritage architecture, and reinterpreting them. In order to find our own architectural identity, by integrating the environmental elements used in ancient desert heritage architecture, recharacterizing and developing heritage architectural vocabulary with environmental solutions within a technological framework that preserves identity, ensures the application of sustainability principles, reduces the energy used in the building, and relies on renewable energies to be more environmentally friendly.
Space syntax theory: a tool for understanding and analysing the Saharan vernacular urban system
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) BARKANI Abdelaziz
This work draws on the theory of spatial syntax as a methodological framework to understand and analyse the various components of traditional Saharan system as a whole. The approach adopted is relational, aiming to identify the syntactic properties of the spatial configuration by manipulating relational and topological parameters. It is part of a broader reflection on the integration of new approaches into the Saharan architectural heritage. By applying this method to the traditional fabric of Kenadsa ksar in southwestern Algeria, the analysis demonstrates how measurable indicators, both local and global, generated by the DepthmapX software, enable to decipher the underlying spatial logics as well as the social behaviours that structure these systems. Through the use of axial map and visibility graph analysis (VGA) techniques, the results are presented in the form of graphs, maps and numerical values. In addition, the analysis highlights the importance of this technique for anticipating the impacts of urban interventions in the ksour. It provides a dual reading, both retrospective and prospective, enabling to analyse and evaluate the influence of restructuring works on the configurational properties of traditional urban systems.
Reviving Desert Heritage: "Drawing Innovation from Global Cultural Projects in Similar Environments
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) وفاء بالحبيب; العيدي طويل
Saharan heritage, in general, and Algerian heritage, in particular, constitute fundamental pillars of the cultural identity of communities that have lived in arid environments, This heritage reflects a deep interaction between humans and their harsh environment over the centuries, However, this valuable legacy is now facing multiple challenges, ranging from environmental impacts such as climate change to social and economic pressures associated with globalization and rapid urbanization, In light of these challenges, the revival of Saharan heritage has become an urgent necessity—not only to preserve it but also to repurpose it in innovative ways that contribute to sustainable development, Recognizing the importance of the interaction between cultural heritage and contemporary innovation, this research aims to explore strategies for reviving Saharan heritage by drawing inspiration from global cultural projects established in similar environments. The study adopts a comparative approach to analyze successful projects that have managed to preserve cultural identity while leveraging it for tourism and economic development, all while ensuring environmental sustainability.
Preserving and modernizing the Algerian saharan architectural heritage: Challenges and opportunities
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) FENGHOUR ABIR; CHETARA AÏCHA
Despite their harsh climatic conditions, Saharan regions hold a rich historical, cultural, and architectural heritage shaped by ancient civilizations. This legacy includes ksour, earthen houses, and medinas, which showcase traditional construction techniques adapted to extreme desert environments. These structures create favorable microclimates and promote a sustainable way of life, embodying the identity of Saharan communities.
Valorization of Date Palm Fibers for Enhancing the Sustainability of Stabilized Earth Blocks (SEB) in Service of Saharan Architectural Heritage
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Abdeldjebar Rabiâ; Missoum Lakhdar; Hamouine Abdelmadjid
Le patrimoine architectural saharien, témoin de l’histoire et de la culture des régions arides, est menacé par des défis de préservation et de durabilité. Les blocs de terre traditionnels (Adobes ou El-toube), bien que couramment utilisés, manquent de résistance mécanique et de durabilité face aux conditions climatiques extrêmes. Pour y remédier, l’intégration de fibres de palmier dattier (FPD), une ressource locale abondante mais sous-exploitée, offre une solution innovante. Ces fibres, combinées à des techniques de stabilisation modernes, améliorent les performances des Blocs de Terre Stabilisés (BTS).
Heritage and Urban Development: Reflections on the Preservation of Traditional Urban Centers in a Context of Modernization. Case of the Medina of Bou-Saâda.
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) BELOUADAH NACEUR; Saïd MAZOUZ
The built environment of traditional urban centers, such as the medina of Bou-Saada, is undergoing rapid urbanization, threatening its heritage integrity. Our study applies space syntax to analyze urban dynamics and identify factors contributing to degradation. The results reveal a diversity of spaces: some renovated, others abandoned. This heterogeneity requires a targeted approach balancing modernization and preservation. Integrating traditional spaces into a coherent urban planning strategy would ensure balanced development. Our recommendations aim to preserve cultural identity while addressing contemporary urban needs. The medina of Bou-Saada exemplifies these challenges, highlighting the necessity of a sustainable strategy to ensure its longevity amid urban transformations.
Saharan Heritage as a Lever for Tourism Development in Algeria: The CAPTERRE as a Model for Integrated Heritage Valorization
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Bioud Ghofrane; Kebbour Akram; Bouzaher Soumia
The Algerian Sahara is home to an exceptionally rich earthen architectural heritage, rooted in vernacular knowledge and long-standing adaptation to desert conditions. Despite its strong potential for local development through cultural tourism, this heritage remains endangered due to rapid urbanization, the decline of traditional techniques, and fragmented conservation efforts. Based on a qualitative approach combining documentary analysis and the case study of the Algerian Center for Earthen Built Cultural Heritage (CAPTERRE), this article explores the conditions for an integrated and sustainable valorization of Saharan heritage. By intersecting institutional strategies and local initiatives, it highlights both the contributions and the limitations of a patrimonial governance model that links preservation, knowledge transmission, and territorial development.
Sustainable Valorization of Dechra Alhamra: An Eco-Tourism Center for Local Socio-Economic Development
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Fatima Zohra LEBBAL; Latoui BENSMINA
Tourism has a favorable impact on the economic development of a country. However, research now agrees that it also leads to the destruction of the ecological environment in which it is established. Its management increasingly refers to the concept of sustainable tourism. The objective of this article is to propose a sustainable transformation scenario for Dechra Alhamra, located in the city of El Kantara, into an ecological-tourist village. Eco-tourism plays a significant role in sustainable urban development by fostering environmental conservation and socio-economic growth. The proposed scenario integrates micromobility and the concept of an architectural walk within Dechra Alhamra, a site rich in heritage. This transformation relies on gentle, non-polluting transport and applies the HQE²R method, which encompasses various dimensions of sustainable development and specific action principles to transition from a simple district to an eco-district. The scientific novelty of this study lies in improving the ecological scenario for Dechra Alhamra by promoting sustainable transportation and eco-tourism. The value of this study is in proposing an innovative urban-scale development technique based on ecological tourism, ensuring a balance between heritage conservation and local economic development.
Preservation Of The Saharan Architectural Heritage -Between Rehabilitation and Inspiration-
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) صليحة عباس; صلاح الدين معلم
The Saharan urban and architectural heritage is as ancient as the societies that inhabited the desert. One of its most prominent features is the k'sor, or palaces, which are groups of fortified dwellings with high walls, covered in a compact, homogeneous structure. The k'sor community in the Algerian desert represents a model that preserves the urban, social, and cultural characteristics of its inhabitants. These are valuable heritage landmarks that must be preserved. Heritage preservation can be achieved in two main ways. The first involves direct intervention in existing heritage through restoration, renovation, protection, maintenance, and adaptive reuse, aiming to retain its unique character and artistic value while protecting it from natural and human-induced damage. The second approach draws inspiration from the richness of heritage elements and components, using them as a foundation for contemporary architectural and urban practices.
Using local materials for sustainable construction in Saharan environments
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Mokeddem Salah Eddine; Hamouine Abdelmadjid; Abdeldjebar Rabia
This study highlights the need to protect the Saharan architectural heritage, particularly ksour and earthen buildings, in the face of rapid urban expansion and inappropriate modern buildings. The combination of conventional methods and contemporary strategies, such as bioclimatic architecture, is essential to ensure sustainable development that respects cultural and historical heritage. The rehabilitation of historic buildings for cultural and tourist purposes can also have a significant economic and social impact. The research focuses on the design of ecological building materials by exploiting local resources, including earth and date palm fibers, which are suitable for the climatic conditions of southwestern Algeria. The intention is to create high-performance compressed earth blocks (CEB), allowing the restoration of ksour while ensuring optimal hygrothermal comfort and reducing environmental impact. The use of local resources such as earth and date palm waste reduces transport costs and encourages sustainable development at the regional level. Experimentally, date palm wood chips (DPWC) were incorporated into BTC at three different concentrations (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%), combined with cement, lime and soil. The blocks were compressed under static pressure and then exposed to tests under dry and wet conditions to evaluate their compressive strength and thermal conductivity. The data show that the incorporation Utilisation des matériaux locaux pour une construction durable dans les environnements sahariens _______ - 2 - of DPWC enhances the flexural strength for certain cement stabilization ratios, however it decreases the compressive strength. However, a higher concentration of fibers optimizes the thermal performance of the bricks, thus highlighting the value of these materials for ecological buildings and appropriate for Saharan climates.
Rising generations and their role in preserving the saharan architectural and urban heritage
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) كاسو يونس; علقمة جمال; بوزاهر سمية
The architectural and urban heritage of desert cities is remarkably diverse in both form and type. However, preserving and utilizing this heritage is often deemed nearly impossible due to its vast geographical expanse, the overlapping nature of its styles, and their similarities. To address this challenge, the Ministry of Culture and Arts, through the Algerian Centre for Cultural Heritage built in mud (CAPTERRE) and other affiliated cultural institutions, has sought to promote the preservation of national heritage. This step is achieved by establishing awareness-raising and practical workshops targeting children and primary school students firstly in the Timimoun’s wilaya (province), with the aim of expanding the initiative to middle and high school students, across the province and neighboring regions.
Fragilité de la réglementation des villes oasiennes Fragility of the regulation of oasis towns
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) Ziregue Meriem
Oasis towns, which lived in complete symbiosis with their natural desert environment, through the ingenuity of their populations, have demonstrated sustainability and ecology since the dawn of time. They are currently suffering from the continual loss of their identity, both through the degradation of their Ksourian heritage and through urban transformations unsuitable for these human organisms. The Algerian state has implemented regulatory mechanisms to preserve heritage and regulate urban space while maintaining the character of Saharan towns. However, in reality, these towns experience a continually deteriorating heritage and an anarchic built environment, which prompted us to conduct this study to identify the flaws in the regulations or their enforcement. A study based on a survey of stakeholders in the oasis towns, particulary in the town of Laghouat, allowed us to observe that both aspects are somewhat deficient: the regulations, firstly, due to their generality and the lack of specificity regardind the unique characteristics of oasis towns, and their application, secondly, because the responsible actors, such as preservation agents and municipal officials, are not sufficiently involved. We concluded our study with recommendations and perspectives for improving these legislative texts so that they are better suited to fieldwork
Le Tourisme dans le Sahara Algérien : Enjeux et Opportunités
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) BENNEDJAI Radhia; FANTOUS Amina
Le Sahara en Algérie, qui s'étend sur plus de 80% du pays, constitue un trésor naturel et culturel remarquable pour l'expansion du tourisme. Avec ses panoramas, son héritage historique vieux de mille ans et ses coutumes vivantes, il représente un lieu touristique remarquable. Toutefois, en dépit de son potentiel considérable, le tourisme dans le Sahara algérien rencontre de nombreux obstacles qu'il est crucial de dépasser pour en faire un vecteur de développement durable. En dépit de ces avantages, le développement du tourisme dans le Sahara fait face à de nombreux défis importants. La question de l'accessibilité demeure un défi majeur : les infrastructures de transport sont toujours déficientes, ce qui complique l'accès à certains lieux. L'accueil des touristes étrangers est restreint en raison de l'insuffisance d'hébergements appropriés, en particulier de lodges et d'hôtels écologiques. Par ailleurs, le problème de la sécurité reste un obstacle, même si les choses se sont améliorées ces dernières années. La sauvegarde de l'environnement et du patrimoine constitue un autre enjeu de taille.
Digital Tools for the Enhancement of Saharan Heritage. The case of the Ziban micro-region
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) MENASRA Asma; RAIS Safa; HADAGHA Fatma Zohra
The enhancement of heritage today constitutes an essential approach to addressing current global challenges. This approach appears necessary for Saharan heritage, a rich legacy often subjected to increasing pressures of anthropogenic and natural origin. Indeed, the implementation of valorization and preservation strategies becomes imperative to ensure this heritage's sustainability and exploit it for socioeconomic development. These strategies are gaining new momentum, especially with the evolution of digital tools, such as geographic information systems (GIS). The choice of these tools allows for precise and systematic documentation of heritage
The contribution of Saharan Traditional Architecture to The development of Cultural Tourism in the far South of Algeria
(جامعة باتنة 1, 2025-04-23) محمد ساقني
Traditional architecture in southern Algeria is one of the most prominent components of the rich and distinctive cultural heritage through those palaces that embraced it and presented it to humanity. The desert palaces in southern Algeria are among the most important cultural achievements of the inhabitants of these regions other than the ages. They are a mirror of the simple local traditional architecture that highlights the adaptation of the population to the difficult desert environment. The construction and reconstruction movement has spread in the desert valleys, and palaces were built in different areas in the regions of the Saharan Atlas, Mzab, Tawate Saoura, Ahaggar, Tidikelt and other regions. Their designs and general features differed according to the regions in which they were built and their building materialsThis is what contributed to the law and distinction between the components of architecture and its characteristics and features other than the entire region. The architectural idea is almost the same, so the traditional workers’ sortie in the far south of Algeria is preferred as an asset for its construction and it carries many architectural and aesthetic values and ideas that attract students and tourists. The desert palaces, with their architectural features, have become distinguished tourist destinations and perform. Employing it within the global tourism demand is an effective contribution to activating and developing cultural tourism in Algeria

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