مجلة الباحث للدراسات الأكاديمية

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ASSESSING THE RISE OF RIGHT-WING POPULISM IN THE EU: IS IMMIGRATION REALLY THE CAUSE?
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2023-06-15) BENABBES, INES; DIB, ABDELHAFID
In recent years, there was a visible shift in citizens’ attitudes towards voting for right-wing populist parties all across the EU even in countries previously considered “immune” such as Germany, Spain, and Sweden. This paper aims to assess the rise of right-wing populism in relation to the 2015 immigration crisis through a comparative outline of their electoral results before and after the crisis. The paper argues that the 2015 immigration crisis might be the triggering element that catalyzed the rise of radical right populism; however, the continuity of this rising trend can’t be explained exclusively by the immigration factor. Therefore, the paper will explore the more structural causes behind the rise of radical-right populism, in essence, economic and institutional causes.
LE CONTROLE DES NAVIRES PAR L’ETAT DU PAVILLON DANS LE CADRE DE LA CONVENTION DES NATIONS UNIES SUR LE DROIT DE LA MER DE 1982
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2023-06-15) TIGHILT-FERHAT, KAMAL
Chaque Etat détermine les critères d’attribution de sa nationalité et les conditions d’immatriculation des navires battant son pavillon. La Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit de la mer de 1982 exige seulement qu’il existe un « Lien substantiel » entre l’Etat et le navire pour qu’un navire soit autorisé à battre le pavillon d’un Etat. Ces dispositions, insuffisantes, n’ont pas mis fin à la pratique des pavillons de complaisance, malgré la fréquence des problèmes de sécurité maritime. Le premier contrôle que doit subir un navire est celui de l’Etat du pavillon, qui doit garantir la navigabilité du navire tout au long de sa vie. Cela passe en particulier par des visites obligatoires régulièrement effectuées par des inspecteurs de l’Etat du pavillon. Un des problèmes existants est le fait que certains Etats n’ont ni les capacités, ni la volonté d’exercer leurs responsabilités directement au titre de l’Etat du pavillon. Each State determines the criteria for granting its nationality and the conditions for registering vessels flying its flag. The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea only requires that there be a "substantial connection" between the state and the ship for a ship to be entitled to fly the flag of a state. These insufficient provisions have not put an end to the practice of flags of convenience, despite the frequency of maritime safety problems. The first control a ship must undergo is that of the flag state, which must ensure the seaworthiness of the ship throughout its life. This involves in particular compulsory visits regularly carried out by flag State inspectors. One of the existing problems is the fact that some States neither have the capacity nor the will to exercise their responsibilities directly under the flag State.
De la liberté religieuse en droit algérien
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2015-03-05) Mokhtari, Mourad
DOCTRINE DE LA SECURITE ET DE LA DEFENSE NATIONALE ALGERIENNE EVOLUTIONS, MENACES ET PERCEPTIONS
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2016-01-05) GATT, SAMIR
يتناول المقال تطور عقيدة الأمن والدفاع الوطني الجزائري، منذ الاستقلال والتي مرت بثلاث مراحل أساسية. ميزها الإنتقال من التحدي المغربي بعد غزوه لأجزاء من التراب الوطني في الجنوب الغربي، وهو ما شكل نقطة مفصلية ليس في إدراك القادة الجزائريين للتهديد فحسب ولكن أيضا في العقيدة الدفاعية الجزائرية. أما المرحلة الثانية والتي حددناها بما يسمى بالعقد الأسود في هذه المرحلة عرفت الجزائر ظاهرة جديدة مدمرة وهي الإرهاب الداخلي والذي كان أساسا نتيجة أزمات بنيوية عرفتها الجزائر طيلة عقد الأزمة ساهمت هي كذلك في تحول العقيدة الأمنية والدفاعية الجزائرية عبر العناية أكثر بالأوضاع الداخلية. المرحلة الأخيرة والتي كانت بعد سبتمبر 2001، شهدت فيها الجزائر التزامها بالانخراط في شبكة من الشراكات الإستراتيجية والمبادرات الأمنية مع القوى الكبرى سيما الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، حلف شمال الأطلسي وأوروبا، بهدف الخروج من القوقعة التي فرضت عليها طيلة عقد التسعينات، والاستفادة من الفرص التي تتيحها. لكن من زاوية تحليل أخرى يمكن لهذه الشراكات أن يكون لها انعكاسات سلبية فقد تحد من الإنعتاق الاستراتيجي للجزائر أو أن توظف الجزائر ظرفيا في مجال مكافحة الإرهاب.
Émancipation Des Personnes À Besoins Spécifiques Par Application De La Politique Nationale D’insertion Sociale
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2017-06-10) Touabti, Imene Ryma Sourrour
Dès l’indépendance, l’Algérie adopta une politique nationale permettant à la fois, l’assistance financière des personnes à besoins spécifiques, ainsi que, leur insertion sociale et professionnelle. Dans ce contexte, les établissements de travail protégé eurent pour mission l’insertion sociale et la promotion professionnelle des travailleurs atteints d’un handicap physique. Récemment, fut introduit le système des Quotas ou proportions ; là où tout employeur doit consacrer au moins 1% de ses postes de travail à ces personnes. Ainsi, cette étude vise à l’analyse des dispositions nationales inhérentes au règlement des mécanismes institutionnels chargés de garantir l’insertion effective des personnes à efficience réduite dans la vie sociale. Since independence, Algeria adopted a national policy allowing both, financial assistance to people with disabilities, as well as, their social and professional inclusion. In this context, protected work institutions had for mission social inclusion and professional promotion of the workers with a physical disability. In recent times, was introduced the system of proportions; where any employer must devote at least 1% of its jobs to these people. Thus, this study aims to the analysis of the national norms relating to the regulation of institutional mechanisms in charge to ensure the effective inclusion of people with disabilities in social life.
Energy Security: An Eto-Cognitive Approach
(جامعة باتنة1-الحاج لخضر, 2024-06-30) Abdelghani, HOUMER
Energy resources, primarily oil and natural gas, have long been crucial for the economies of nations, particularly major industrialized ones. Energy security ranks among the highest priorities for countries as they strive for overall security. Given the significant global changes unfolding across various domains, including energy security, there is a pressing need to focus on conceptual frameworks that can adapt to evolving contexts. This study seeks to analyze conceptual structures pertaining to the concept of energy security, examining it from multiple angles. These perspectives include the geopolitical lens, the environmental standpoint, and the intricate network-based perspective. Through this analysis, the aim is to gain a comprehensive understanding of energy security and its implications.
EUROPEAN APPROACH TO PROMOTE DEMOCRACY IN THE ARAB REGION AFTER ARAB SPRING
(جامعة باتنة 1 الحاج لخضر, 2021-06-30) ZANOUDA, MOUNA
The purpose of this paper is to outline the role of the European Union in supporting and promoting democracy in arab countries. Especially by tracking various initiatives and agreements that link the Union with the arab countries like the Euro-Mediterranean partnership, European Neighborhood policy…. achieving to the after 2011 period or which is called the arab spring. We have found through this study that the EU after 2011 has decided to resend its projects about reform and democracy issues in the arab world especially the so called the New-Neighborhood policy of 2015. Through this policy, the EU has changed the taken model of supporting democracy to a governance model based on multi-sectoral partnerships.
Impact of applying Total quality management practices on management innovation education study sample from University OF Farhat Abbas Setif 1
(جامعة الحاج لخضر باتنة1, 2024-01-21) KAOUDOUNE, Hanane; KILANI, Sounia
The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the application of comprehensive quality management practices on management innovation in higher education institutions at the Faculty of Economics, University of Farhat Abbas Setif1, where the questionnaire was used as an essential tool to collect data by distributing it to 100 individual staff working in the Faculty of Economics from different segments, both administrators and academics. The results of the study revealed that the overall quality management practices of (Formulating a clear strategy, customer orientation and employee participation) has a significant impact on management innovation in its dimensions (internal institutional innovation, value creation, innovation management) while both (Effective leadership, knowledge management analysis, continuous process improvement) does not affect the dimensions of management innovation, and with respect to the study model it is proven in relation to the limits of our study.
l’acces des operateurs economiques aux informations et documents lies a la commande publique
(جامعة باتنة 1 الحاج لخضر, 2021-01-26) FILALI, FAHD
Cet article vise à aborder la question du droit d’accès à l'information dans le domaine de la commande publique et son rôle primordiale dans la concrétisation des dispositifs de bonne gouvernance, liés principalement à l'égalité de traitement des concurrents, la protection de leurs droits, ainsi que la transparence dans les choix du Maître d'ouvrage. Ces principes consentiront notoirement à l’atteinte de l'efficacité des achats publics et assureront, en conséquence, la bonne utilisation des deniers publics.The present article aims to address the issue of the right of access to information in public procurement matters by arguing for its crucial role in the enforcement of good governance provisions, mainly those related to ensuring fair and equal treatment of competitors, protection of their rights, as well as transparency in selection of the client. Compliance with these principles will inevitably lead to the achievement of efficient public procurement and will therefore ensure the proper use of public funds.
l’exemption des abus de domination en droit algerien (a la lumiere du droit français)
(جامعة باتنة 1 الحاج لخضر, 2021-01-26) MEFLAH, ABDELKRIM
Le système d’exemption est un mécanisme qui institue une exception à la règle prohibitive. Il permet de légitimer les pratiques prohibées, notamment les ententes et les abus de position dominante, et donne aux auteurs la possibilité d’échapper au principe de l’interdiction édicté à la loi relative à la concurrence. Cette dernière prévoit deux types d’exemptions: soit par la loi, ou par le progrès économique ou technique. Tandis que l’abus de dépendance économique, ne peut bénéficier d’aucune exemption en droit algérien, contrairement à d’autres législations à l’instar de la législation française, marocaine et tunisienne. En effet, l’étude présentée ici est une étude comparée, néanmoins son enjeu principal consistera à examiner beaucoup plus les textes algériens. The exemption system is a mechanism that institute an exception to the prohibitive rule. It allows to legitimize prohibited practices, in particular cartels and abuse of dominant position, and gives the authors the possibility of escaping the principle of the prohibition enacted into the competition law. This law provides for two types of exemptions: by law, or by economic or technical progress. While abuse of economique dependence, can not benefit from any exemption in Algerian law, in contrary to other legislations, like French, Moroccan and Tunisian legislation.
L’INFORMATION COMPTABLE OUTIL D’AIDE A LA PRISE DE DECISION: CAS DU SCF
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2023-06-15) NAAS, ABDELKADER
L’incertain est inhérent à toute activité humaine, sa réduction est l’objectif premier de tout système d’information opérationnel au sein d’une organisation. L’efficacité de la pertinence du système d’information comptable, qui est au cœur de la gestion des entreprises, un outil stratégique de pilotage et d’évaluation, va se refléter sur sa performance. L’évolution de ce dernier montre la dynamique de cette organisation. De ce fait, l’objet de ce papier est une tentative d’étudier l’importance confiée aux informations comptables et financières clés pour aider le manager à la prise de décision. Uncertainty is inherent in all human activity, its reduction is the primary objective of any operational information system within an organization. The effectiveness of the relevance of the accounting information system, which is at the heart of business management, a strategic tool for management and evaluation, will be reflected in its performance. The evolution of the latter shows the dynamics of this organization. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is an attempt to study the importance given to key accounting and financial information to help the manager in decision-making.
L’Objectivation de la vérité judiciaire dans le procès civil
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2015-03-05) Boulksibet, Ahmed
Le rôle principal du juge consiste à faire sauvegarder les droits subjectifs des justiciables, et pour que cette mission voie le succès attendu, le juge doit chercher la vérité avec sa qualité essentielle qu’est l’objectivité, afin d’être un moyen de légitimation de l’acceptation sociale, et un fondement de la sécurité juridique. Cette objectivité sera nécessaire chaque fois que l’espace donné à l’appréciation judiciaire est étendu, dont le risque de la subjectivité de la vérité créée par la libre conviction du juge sera élargie. A l’encontre de cette situation délicate, quelle solution peut-on donner afin de rééquilibrer les situations juridiques, au profit d’un principe suprême tel que la sécurité juridique ? C’est dans cet article que nous allons traiter cette problématique, en analysant notamment les prescriptions juridiques disposées par le droit algérien y relatives. إذا كان الدّور الرّئيس للقاضي يتمثّل في حماية الحقوق الذّاتية للمتقاضين، فإنّ نجاح هذه المهمّة مرهون بوجوب البحث عن الحقيقة مع صفتها الجوهرية المتمثّلة في الموضوعية، حتّى تكون وسيلة لشرعنة القبول الاجتماعي، وأساسا للأمن القانوني. وتكون هذه الموضوعية ضروريّة في كلّ مرّة يكون فيها المجال المعطى للتّقدير القضائي ممتدّا، بحيث يكون معه خطر ذاتيّة الحقيقة النّاشئ عن طريق الاقتناع الحرّ للقاضي متّسعا. في مواجهة هذه الوضعيّة الحسّاسة، ماهو الحلّ الّذي يمكن إعطاؤه بهدف إعادة التّوازن بين الوضعيّات القانونيّة، لمصلحة مبدإ سام كمبدأ الأمن القانوني؟ في هذا المقال سوف نعالج هذه الإشكالية بتحليل الأحكام القانونية ذات الصّلة بموضوعنا والمنصوص عليها في القانون الجزائري.
L’office national des droits d’auteurs et des droits voisins: Vers de nouveaux défis
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2015-09-05) Ait ouazzou, Zaina
l’opposabilite du jugement de divorce par la volonte unilaterale au sein de l’ordre juridique français
(جامعة باتنة 1 الحاج لخضر, 2020-01-22) DEBBA, NACER
La question du jugement de divorce par la volonté unilatérale dans certain pays étrangers, en particulier la France, est l’une des questions importantes qui a fait couler beaucoup d’encre en matière du droit international privé. L'importance de ce sujet est principalement liée à l'idée de l’ordre public, qui a toujours été l’un des outils efficaces utilisés par les États pour exclure toutes les lois et les jugements étrangers qui pourraient causer un préjudice à leurs communautés et à leurs systèmes judiciaires. Cet article est divisé en deux axes, dans lesquels nous avons analysé la position de l’ordre juridique français de jugements du divorce par la volonté unilatérale, en s’appuyant sur la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation et d’autres juridictions. Le sujet s'articule autour de l’opposabilité du jugement de divorce par la volonté unilatérale, (répudiation-divorce moyennant compensation) prononcé par les tribunaux algériens et la position de l’ordre juridique français vis à-vis d’elle. Sur le plan pratique, il s’est avéré que l’ordre juridique français a pris deux positions différentes envers ce type de jugements, où la répudiation est contraire à l’ordre public français tandis que le divorce moyennant compensation ne soulève pas la contrariété. The question of the divorce judgment by the unilateral will in some foreign countries, particularly in France, is one of the important questions that has been the subject of much discussion in the field of private international law. The importance of this topic is mainly linked to the idea of public order, which has always been one of the effective tools used by states to exclude all foreign laws and judgments that could harm their communities. and their judicial systems. This article is divided into two axes, in which we analyzed the position of the French legal order of divorce judgments by the unilateral will, building on the jurisprudence of the Court of Cassation and other jurisdictions. The subject is articulated around the opposability of the divorce judgment by the unilateral will, (repudiation- divorce in return for a consideration) pronounced by the Algerian courts and the position of the French legal order to her. In practical terms, it was found that the French legal order has taken two different positions towards this type of judgments, the repudiation of which is contrary to French public order, whereas the divorce in return for a consideration is not.
Manifestations of the shift away from the penal nature of business crimes
(جامعة باتنة1-الحاج لخضر, 2024-06-30) LIRATNI, Fatima Zohra
The legislator's inclination and preference for imposing moderate penalties in the realm of business crimes, predominantly characterized by financial aspects, stem from the recognition of the ineffectiveness of harshness in achieving the objectives of punishment. Financial penalties in the field of finance and business are capable of achieving deterrence and bringing economic benefit to the public treasury. This is a precursor to moving away from the punitive nature in the business sector and the emergence of new concepts to counter the negatives of legislative inflation or the penal legislative frenzy, which has become an obstacle to the entrepreneurial spirit among business operators.
Manufacturing of the Green Scare: The rise of Islamophobic US foreign policy after 9/11
(جامعة الحاج لخضر باتنة1, 2024-01-21) BOUTKHIL, Guemide
The coming of the new millennium brought several changes to US foreign policymaking. 9/11 attacks drove the US administration towards chasing terrorist organizations; such as, Al- Qaeda which was responsible for the damage and aftermath of 9/11. However, in view of the events following 9/11, it became clear that the US administration cast Islam, as US first enemy. In fact, portraying Islam as the Green Scare, after the fall of the ex- USSR (the Red Scare), gives a clear interpretation that the US administration has relied on a manufactured foreign policy of fear of the new rising enemy; namely, Islam. This; in fact, gives the right to the Americans to proceed with a dangerous US interventionism policy. Moreover, exposing the US manufacturing of an Islamic enemy is imperative to understand that the US foreign policy has shifted towards toward a more rigorous, Islamophobic trend by targeting Islam and Muslims in the US, and throughout the world. The present paper attempts to highlight the facet of the US foreign policy after 9/11 attacks. It analyzes the different strategies used by the US administration in manufacturing of the Green Scare as an agenda to target Islam and Muslims inside the US, and throughout the world. In addition, it illustrates how the US foreign policy took an Islamophobic trend toward Islam and Muslims.
PERSPECTIVES ON ISLAMIC BANKS ACTIVITY IN LIGHT OF MONEY CREATION AND CASH RESERVE RATIO (CRR)
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2023-01-29) AURES BENLALA, MEJD
Islamic economics principles state that Islamic banks are economic institutions that must comply with the rules of Islamic economic legislation, whether in terms of financing, or in terms of monetary policy. The Sharia stipulates that money does not generate money, and that profit and money increase are linked to production, or trade through Murabaha, or Mudharaba and Musharakah, and the like. Given that the Islamic economy depends on what may be called the real economy that is based on production, these principles do not agree with the policy of central banks and their financial/monetary policy, whether in terms of the policy of the cash reserve ratio (CRR), which must be available (deposited) in the central bank, or in terms of the bank’s creation of money without a reciprocal or productive process. This paper aims to identify and address these issues according to an economic, legal and Islamic analysis
Physicians Emigration: from International Recruitment Policies to Health and Economic Outcomes
(جامعة باتنة1-الحاج لخضر, 2024-06-30) BENFIFI, Taqiyeddine
This article shed light on the global impacts of physicians’ emigration on health and economy of both donor and recipient countries. Emigration fills the vacuum in labor shortages in destination countries by the active recruitment, however it may also provoke serious structural problems. Physicians’ emigration negatively influences health and economic system in source countries, while subsidizing the rich countries as they continue to deplete poor and developing countries from their health assets of human resources. There is an urgent need for policy makers in both regions to minimize the negative consequences resulted from this phenomenon and maximize advantages to achieve more equal and sustainable world. Resilient healthcare systems can be created for everyone by addressing the underlying issues and promoting international collaboration.
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN ALGERIA (1962-THE PRESENT DAY)
(جامعة باتنة 1 الحاج لخضر, 2021-06-30) MEDKOUR, NOUREDDINE; BOUKHALKHAL, ABDELDJEBAR
This article aims to study the development of the political participation of women in Algeria from the independence until the present day. It is done through analysing the constitutions, various legal laws, especially the constitution of 2008, and international conventions on women by showing the impact of political changes, such as the “democratic transition” that began in 1989 on women’s political participation. The results showed that although women have been assigned as ministers and leaders of political parties and the judicial system, in different periods, the problems and obstacles which are faced by Algerian women and their role in political life such as traditions and electoral laws on the line still exist and are to be highlighted in this study.
Power Transition: The Arab Spring and Contestations of American Hegemony
(جامعة باتنة1 الحاج لخضر, 2015-09-05) Kaci, Fouzia
The Arab revolutions that had been triggered from Tunisia in 2010, with the self-immolation of Bouazizi, and then were spread in many countries of the Arab world, took the authoritarian regimes in this latter but also the international community by surprise, which made the Arab Spring the most critical and crucial event in the modern history of the Middle East. The complexity and surprising political developments of the Arab Spring, made regional politics trespass the American hegemony. Thus, the United States found itself since the inception of those events, in the sidelines; incapable to manipulate the rising regional forces, and avoiding to take part on local issues, such as the case of Egypt. Therefore, if the U. S. power is less efficient and less willing to intervene, the rising regional powers (Iran and Turkey) will seize this opportunity to reorder the regional affairs according to their own priorities, and this goes against U. S. vital interests in the region. إن الثورات العربية التي انطلقت شرارتها من تونس في 2010، من خلال حرق بوعزيزي لنفسه، وانتشار هذه الشرارة بعد ذلك في الكثير من دول العالم العربي، أخذت الأنظمة الإستبدادية في هذا الأخير ولكن أيضا المجتمع الدولي على حين غرة، مما جعل الربيع العربي، الحدث الأكثر أهمية وحسما في التاريخ الحديث للشرق الأوسط. إن تعقد وفجائية التطورات السياسية للربيع العربي، جعلت السياسات الإقليمية تتجاوز الهيمنة الأمريكية، وهكذا وجدت الو. م. أ نفسها ومنذ بداية الأحداث، على الهامش، غير قادرة على التعامل مع القوى الإقليمية الصاعدة، متجنبة التدخل في القضايا المحلية، مثل حالة مصر. بالتالي مادامت القوة الأمريكية أقل كفاءة وأقل استعدادا للتدخل، فإن القوى الصاعدة الإقليمية (تركيا وإيران)، ستغتنم هذه الفرصة لإعادة ترتيب الشؤون الإقليمية وفقا لأولوياتها، وهو ما يتعارض مع المصالح الحيوية الأمريكية في المنطقة.

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