سنة 2023

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Browsing سنة 2023 by Author "Akkari Zakaria"

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    The Energy Transition in Field of Land Transport and its Role in Rationalizing Energy Consumption : the Chinese Experience as a Model
    (Université Batna 1, 2025-12-24) Akkari Zakaria; Slimani Naima
    This presentation aims to highlight the pivotal role of the energy transition in road transport systems by clarifying its concepts and its environmental, economic, social, and technological dimensions, analyzing the development of alternative energy sources such as electricity, hydrogen, and biofuels, and examining key innovations in vehicles and supporting infrastructure, while drawing on selected leading international experiences in sustainable transport. It also seeks to show how public policies and regulations, supported by scientific research and innovation, can serve as a fundamental lever for restructuring the road transport system in a way that ensures energy efficiency, reduces emissions, and improves quality of life in cities. The presentation reaches a set of findings, most notably that the energy transition can significantly improve energy consumption efficiency and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, with associated gains in energy security and a lower import bill, in addition to substantial reductions in emissions and local pollutants and improvements in public health and the urban environment. It further shows that the success of this trajectory requires integrated strategies that combine transport electrification, the expansion of renewable and hydrogen fuels, the promotion of mass and shared transport, and the adoption of appropriate financial and regulatory incentives, while ensuring a just transition and the participation of all stakeholders, ultimately leading to an intelligent, sustainable, and low carbon road transport system.
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    The German Experience in Railway and Comprehensive Sustainable
    (University of Batna 1, 2025-12-24) Akkari Zakaria; Slimani Naima
    The main objective of developing the German railway network is to make the train the backbone of an environmentally and economically sustainable transport system by modernizing infrastructure, expanding network electrification, deploying electric and hydrogen trains, and linking these efforts to national strategies for reducing emissions and improving energy efficiency. The policies also aim to strengthen integration between railways and other transport modes, reinforce connections between urban and rural areas, and provide long term public financing that consolidates the train as a competitive alternative to high emission road transport. The outcomes include a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, as well as improved punctuality and network capacity through digitalization and advanced control systems. These developments have also helped to reduce road congestion and accidents and to improve urban air quality, while rail investments have created new jobs and enhanced economic competitiveness by lowering logistics costs and increasing the attractiveness of regions for investment, thereby making railways a key pillar in achieving Germany’s sustainable development objectives.
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    Uses of Artificial Intelligence in Driverless Cars
    (University of Batna 1, 2025-12-24) Akkari Zakaria; Slimani Naima
    This presentation aims to highlight the central role of artificial intelligence in the development of self driving cars and autonomous transport in general, by explaining how sensory perception systems, decision making algorithms, and speed, steering, and braking control units integrate to form a safe and efficient driving system. It also seeks to analyze the economic and security dimensions of these technologies, showing the opportunities, they offer to reduce accidents, lower transport costs, and improve energy consumption efficiency, in return for the legal and ethical challenges they pose regarding liability for accidents, protection of privacy, and societal trust. The main findings indicate that smart technologies, if well designed and properly framed from a regulatory perspective, can help reduce human error and significantly enhance the efficiency of transport systems, while achieving substantial economic and environmental gains. In contrast, it appears that the widespread adoption of autonomous transport requires continuous research and technological investment, a comprehensive update of legal frameworks, and the adoption of accompanying policies to limit negative impacts on the labor market and to ensure fairness and transparency in the use of intelligent systems in public spaces.
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    Using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to Manage Supply Chain and Improve
    (University of batna 1, 2025-12-24) Akkari Zakaria
    This paper examines the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in reshaping supply chain management amid the rapid digital transformation characterizing the modern business environment, where accurate data and information integration among actors have become essential conditions for improving operational efficiency and strengthening firms’ competitive advantage. It focuses on how digital systems and collaborative platforms can be leveraged to enhance the flow of goods and information, and to shift from traditional management approaches toward more flexible and intelligent models based on automation and advanced data analytics. The paper aims to highlight the concept and importance of ICT in the business environment and to clarify its main applications across the different stages of the supply chain, in addition to showing the impact of digital technologies on reducing logistics cycle time, lowering costs, and improving the accuracy of demand and production forecasting. It also seeks to explain how these technologies contribute to achieving integration and coordination among supply chain partners and to building smart governance grounded in transparency and real time performance monitoring, concluding that investment in digital infrastructure and the development of human capabilities in information systems are among the key conditions for the success of logistics development strategies in firms.