Mathematics 2

Abstract

This handout is intended as a pedagogical support for first-year undergraduate students (L1) in Economics, Management, and Business programs. It offers a structured set of directed exercises and methodological guidance in mathematical. Rather than functioning as a comprehensive theoretical textbook, it emphasizes the consolidation of fundamental concepts through clear, syllabus-aligned explanations, carefully worked examples, and progressively graded exercises with detailed solutions. The content is organized into four main chapters. The first chapter introduces first- and second-order differential equations with solution methods relevant to economic modeling. The second chapter develops the theory of functions of several variables, including partial derivatives, optimization, unconstrained and constrained extrema, and applications of Lagrange multipliers. The third chapter presents matrix theory and computation techniques, while the final chapter focuses on matrix-based methods for solving linear systems. This handout aims to strengthen mathematical reasoning and promote autonomous learning. It can be used both as a complement to classroom instruction and as a self-study resource for revision and consolidation.